Issue #5 - autocompleting password fields

It took so much longer to write this issue than expected because things were more complicated than expected. It would’ve taken me even longer, if it wasn’t for people like Hidde or Jason who did a lot of research and explained things to me in their articles. Next time you read a great article or watch a good talk, consider saying thank you to the author, they deserve it.

Have a great weekend,
Manuel

View in the browser.

HTMHell Newsletter Issue #5 - autocompleting password fields

You can help password managers and browsers (pre)fill password fields by using the autocomplete attribute,...and by doing other stuff.

<label for="new-password">New Password</label>
<input autocomplete="new-password" id="new-password" name="new-password" type="password"/>

Let's start with the other stuff. When I created a demo for this post, I wanted to show you that you can use autocomplete="new-password" to instruct browsers to offer users auto-generated passwords, for example in a sign-up form.

In order to prove that I created a simple form without the attribute.

<form>
<div>
<label for="username">Username</label>
<input id="username" name="username" type="text"/>
</div>
<div>
<label for="np">New Password</label>
<input id="np" name="np" type="password"/>
</div>
</form>

The thing is, Firefox suggested the auto-generated password, anyway. I was confused. After some testing and research, I learned that browsers take all kinds of things into consideration when figuring out what the purpose of an input field is. In this specific example, it was the fact that the label included the words “new password”. Mind blown!

I translated the labels to German and Firefox didn't suggest the password anymore. Ha! Gotcha, Firefox, and that only took me 2 hours to figure out.

<div>
<label for="username">Benutzername</label>
<input id="username" name="username" type="text"/>
</div>
<div>
<label for="np">Neues Passwort</label>
<input id="np" name="np" type="password"/>
</div>

You might have noticed that the id and name attributes are short and hard to read. That’s because browsers take these attributes into consideration, as well. Just naming the id or name “new-password” or even just “new-pwd” brings the auto-generated password autocomplete back.

<p>
<label for="new-pwd">Neues Passwort</label>
<input id="new-pwd" name="np" type="password"/>
</p>

You can see that in action here auto-complete password: no attribute but id and here auto-complete password: no attribute but name.

Of course, that is a very reduced test case, things are usually much more complicated. I only tested this in one browser and only with the built-in password manager. We shouldn’t rely on browsers algorithms, but help them figure out what the purpose of our input fields is.

We should:

• Use standard HTML form elements, attributes and practices (form, label, input, etc.)
• Use the correct type attribute for each input field
• Make sure that we don’t generate ids and names randomly
• Use common values or values that are similiar to the value of the autocomplete attribute for the name and id attributes
• Add the autocomplete attribute and use the values current-password for the current password and new-password for new passwords
• Use different name and id values in sign-up and sign-in forms, for the form element itself, as well as any input, select and textarea elements
• Test thoroughly in different browsers with different password managers.

<form>
<p>
<label for="username">Username</label>
<input autocomplete="username" id="username" name="username" type="text"/>
</p>
<p>
<label for="new-password">New Password</label>
<input autocomplete="new-password" id="new-password" name="new-password" type="password"/>
</p>
</form>

That only scratches the surface. There’s so much more to learn about the autocomplete attribute. I can highly recommend these resources:

Resources

• Making password managers play ball with your login form
• Autofill: What web devs should know, but don’t
• Sign-in form best practices
• The HTML autocomplete attribut

Read this issue in your browser or share it with others: htmhell.dev/tips/autocompleting-password-fields/